ASAD 向來都是同學感到吃力的topic。
題目可以分成兩大類:
1. 透過self-adjustment mechanism 市場力量 令Y在LR至Yf
2. 透過Policy 經濟政策(Fiscal 財政/ Monetary 貨幣) 令干預Y到Yf
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今夜探討第一種。LR長期本身的定義,就是full employment / potential output level 充分就業/潛在產出 (Yf)。Self-adjustment Mechanism 市場力量是經濟體由短期回到長期的自我調節機制,以圖顯示的話,主要透過移動SRAS到LRAS cut AD的長期均衡水平(Yf)。
題目永遠都會先給予一個短期經濟波動,然後問self-adjustment mechanism 市場力量如何令經濟回到長期均衡。例如:
(b) Suppose the economy suffers from a bursting of the assets bubble so that asset prices fall drastically. With the aid of Figure 4, explain how the short run equilibrium output and price levels of the economy will change. (6 marks)
假設該經濟遭受資產泡沫爆破所累,資產價格大幅下跌。以圖四輔助,解釋該經濟的短期均衡產出和物價水平會如何改變。 (6 分)
(c) With the aid of Figure 4, explain how market forces will help restore the output level to Yf . (5 marks)
以圖四輔助,解釋市場力量會如何幫助產出水平回復至Yf 。 (5 分)
短期改變part(b):(2分圖, AD shift to the left)
1. W, C / I
2. AD
3. Y, P
Self-adjustment mechanism市場力量part (c):(2分圖, SRAS shift to the right)
1. Y<Yf, 有通縮差距deflationary,有excess supply of factors of production 生產要素有超額供應
2. Factor price 要素價格, SRAS
3. P, Y back to Yf
待續……
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